Osteoarthritis(osteoarthritis) is a dystrophic disease of the joints associated with a slow degeneration and destruction of intra-articular cartilage. Over time, there is a restructuring of the articular ends of the bones, inflammation and degeneration of the periarticular tissues. The concept of "osteoarthritis" (deforming osteoarthritis) includes a group of joint diseases of a degenerative-inflammatory nature, which have different origins and similar mechanisms.
Causes
Primary osteoarthritis in the context of biomechanical or age-related changes. Secondary, it occurs after injury, against the background of diabetes mellitus or thyroid disease, due to vascular disorders, etc. It contributes to damage to the joints of the legs and the development of flatfoot arthrosis, which violates the shock-absorbing functions of the foot. Timely application of specially selected orthopedic insoles allows you to correct the deformity of the foot and reduce stress on the joints.
Osteoarthritis is the most common joint disease and its frequency increases with age. But this disease occurs not only in the elderly, which determines its social importance.
Symptoms:
- pain during exertion, remitting at rest;
- limitation of mobility and creaking in the joint;
- muscle tension in the joint area;
- possible periodic appearance of swelling, gradual deformation of the joint.
Primary osteoarthritis: 40-50% of cases of osteoarthritis. The disease develops in a previously healthy joint and its cause is not joint damage, but, for example, hard physical work.
Secondary osteoarthritis: 50-60% of cases. The joint, prone to osteoarthritis, was deformed even before the disease, for example as a result of trauma.
What joints are affected by osteoarthritis?
Osteoarthritis most often develops in the joints of the lower half of the body (hip, knee, first metatarsophalangeal). In the hands, the joints of the phalanges of the fingers are often exposed to osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis usually occurs first in one joint and then in the second, symmetrical to the first.
Coxarthrosis
Coxarthrosis(osteoarthritis of the hip joint) is characterized by a progressive course and altered state-dynamic function of the musculoskeletal system. It occupies one of the first places among degenerative-dystrophic diseases of the musculoskeletal system. The dystrophic process begins with the articular cartilage: thinning, dissociation, fragmentation occurs, and its cushioning properties are lost. As a compensatory reaction of the articular surfaces of the hip joint, marginal bony growths are formed. In the future, sclerosis develops and cysts form in the articulated sections of the femoral head and acetabulum.
Gonarthrosis
Gonarthrosisosteoarthritis of the knee joint) occupies a prominent place in the group of arthritic injuries of the joints of the extremities. Gonarthrosis patients are constantly prevalent among patients who attend polyclinics, but unfortunately they are few among those treated in our hospitals. Hospital treatment could have a much greater effect than outpatient therapy at work. Known to doctors for more than 100 years, this disease in everyday life is called "salt deposition. "